Upgrades and innovations on Tezos
Tezos is a self-amending blockchain with a proven, decentralized on-chain governance process. Organizations and individuals across the globe contribute to the development and growth of Tezos in a collaborative environment.
on-chain governance
Upgrades on Tezos
The Tezos ecosystem develops some of the most advanced innovations in the blockchain landscape and implements them via on-chain governance. Community members propose upgrades for the network and validators vote on which proposals they would like to see explored. The most popular proposal goes through a multi-step voting and adoption process.
Contribute to Tezos
Interested in developing the core protocol? Check out the teams in the Tezos ecosystem actively working on protocol development.
Nomadic Labs
Nomadic Labs, based in France, is a research and development team composed of more than 50 people working on the Tezos core protocol.
Marigold
Marigold is a dynamic and collaborative company focused on testing and developing upgrades for Tezos.
TriliTech
TriliTech is a Tezos blockchain R&D and entrepreneurship hub based in the UK. The objective is to further develop and catalyze unique opportunities for the Tezos ecosystem
Oxhead Alpha
Oxhead Alpha is a US-based team that develops core software and tooling for the Tezos ecosystem.
DaiLambda
DaiLambda is a Japan-based team that builds secure social infrastructure systems including cryptocurrencies by using formal verification technologies.
Tarides
Tarides supports developers in building robust, secure, and high-performance applications whilst maintaining crucial reliability.
Key innovations on Tezos
Upgrade Timeline
A community governed,
ever-evolving technological vision.
Tezos continuously adds the latest innovation, seamlessly leveling up to deliver novel and new capabilities within the space through its upgrade mechanism. See how far we’ve come and help us imagine where Tezos will go in the future.
Latest Protocol Upgrade
Nairobi
The Tezos protocol was upgraded successfully on 24 June 2023.
Babylon
Introduced a more robust version of the blockchain’s consensus algorithm (Emmy+); simplified smart contract development; refined the delegation process.
Carthage
Increased gas limit per block and per operation; improved the accuracy and resiliency of the formula used for calculating baking and endorsing rewards.
Delphi
Improved gas costs. Reduced storage costs by a factor of 4 to reflect improvements in the underlying storage layer.
Edo
Added Sapling and BLS12-381 to enable privacy-preserving smart contracts and tickets for native permissions. Updated amendment process by lowering period length to 5 cycles and adding a 5th Adoption Period.
Florence
Doubled maximum size of operations, which more than doubled the maximum size of smart contracts. Furthered gas optimizations as well as sped up gas arithmetic by a factor of ten. Enabled more intuitive smart contract development by adopting depth-first execution order. Deactivated unused Test Chain in the Economic Protocol, resulting in more streamlined amendment process.
Granada
Introduced Liquidity Baking, which mints a small amount of tez every block and deposits it inside of a constant product market making smart-contract. This incentivizes large amounts of decentralized liquidity between tez and tzBTC. Included several improvements that led to a 3-6x decrease in gas consumption of popular contracts.
Hangzhou
Introduced several improvements such as views which give smart contracts the ability to read the storage state of other smart contracts, timelock encryption to serve as a countermeasure against Block Producer Extractable Value, caching to provide faster access at lower gas costs to data that is accessed regularly, and a global table of constants to facilitate development of more complex smart contracts.
Ithaca
Introduced Tenderbake, a new and significantly upgraded Tezos consensus algorithm, which enables fast finality and improved scalability for the Tezos blockchain. Introduced a variety of other changes that improve the baking experience, such as reducing the amount of tokens required to be a validator, a rework of the baking and endorsement rewards mechanism, and more.
Jakarta
Introduced Transaction Optimistic Rollups (TORUs), an experiment into enshrined rollups, leading to increased throughput, lower fees, and a pathway to significantly increased long-term scalability. Introduced improvements to tickets and sapling, enabling improved network privacy features and increased decentralization for Tezos tokens.
Kathmandu
Enabled smart contract optimistic rollups on bleeding edge testnets, preparing the protocol for the future full integration of SCORUs. Introduced the first steps of pipelined block validation, aiming to streamline the block validation process. Implemented improved randomness with VDFs, event logging in smart contracts, and more.
Lima
Pipelining improvements separating the validation from the application of operations will enable higher throughput. Consensus keys introduced allowing bakers to change their key for signing blocks and consensus operations. Tickets ownership updates now included in transaction receipts, which help indexers. And more.
Mumbai
Block times cut in half to 15 seconds with the completion of improved block validation pipelining. Smart Rollups fully activated on Mainnet which will support dramatic gains in throughput, and allow anyone to deploy decentralized WebAssembly applications. Tickets can now be transferred between user (implicit) accounts, and more.